Drill-chuck.



PATENTED MAR.5, 1907.

L. T. GrAUSS.-

DRILL CHUCK.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 13. 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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FIG.4.

FIG.3.

f Wm WITNESSES Tn: "cums PETERS co., wnsnmaron, n. c.

PATENTED MAR. 5, 1907.

2 SHEQBTS SHEET 2.

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L T. GAUSS. DRILL CHUCK.

APPLIUATION FILED APR. 13, 1906.

FIG-.8.

FIGJI. FIGJZ.

FIG-J3.

'INVE'NTOR -UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DRILL-CHUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 5, 1907.

Application filed April 13, 1906. Serial No. 311.437-

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LEwIs T. GAUss, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drill- Chucks, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to drill-chucks, and consists in the mechanism hereinafter described and claimed.

The object of the invention is to provide a drill-chuck having means whereby the jaws may be moved into clamping position, then by means of a key or wrench or other means of applying leverage a final and powerful clamping eflect may be easily produced and released.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a drill-chuck embodying this invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a side elevation, having a part broken away and shown in section, and an end elevation of the cam-ring. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of one end of the chuck. Fig 6 is an end elevation viewed from the rear end and a side elevation of one of the jaws. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of a form of key adapted to the specific form of chuck shown. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section through a drill-chuck of a modified form embodying this invention. Fig. 9 is a cross-section on the line 9 9 of Fig.

8. Fig. 10 is a side elevation, with part.

broken away, of the rotary cam-ring. Fig. 11 is an end View of said camring. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the end of the chuck with the cam-ring in place, and Fig. 13 is an elevation of a key for the last-mentioned form of chuck.

The chuck has a body 1, which in some instances has attached to it a mandrel 2. The body 1 is tapered, as shown, and has around its base the flange or shoulder 3. The said body also contains a series of longitudinal grooves 4, (three in the present instance,) which are adapted to contain the jaws 5. The said jaws are bars of a cross section adapted to fit in the said grooves and with an outer curved surface and provided on said curved surface at the rear end with teeth 6. Around the body 1 is the collar 7, adapted to bear at one end against the shoulder or flange 3 and having screw-threads 8 cut on an internal conical surface to engage the partial threads or teeth 6 upon the jaws 5, so that by rotating the collar 7 (which may be knurled or roughened on its exterior) the said jaws are projected simultaneously along the grooves 4, and by reason of the convergence of the said grooves the outer ends of the jaws are brought together for clamping a drill or other object inserted between them. Each jaw has a beveled portion 9 at its front end nearest to the axis of the body 1 and the gripping-face of the jaw is made parallel to the axis of the chuck.

The body of the chuck at a point where its outer surface is of smaller diameter than any interior diameter of the sleeve 7 is made cylindrical and is screw-threaded, as shown at 10, and upon these screw-threads is fastened a second collar 11, adapted to fit in a recess 12 in the front end of the collar 7, and thus to hold the sleeve 7 in place between the collar 1 1 and the shoulder 3. The collar 11 has also a series of openings 13 through it for a purpose to be described and has an inturned outer end 14 for a purpose to be described. Fitting upon the end of the body 1 and outside the jaws 5 there is a compressor 15, consisting of a ring adapted to fit inside the collar 11 and having an enlarged portion 16 larger than the interior diameter of the inturned end 14 of the collar 11. The inturned end 14 of the collar 11 and the enlarged portion 16 of the ring are preferably formed as the two members of a ball-raceway adapted to contain bearing-ball 17, and thus to permit free movement of the ring 15 under heavy friction or pressure. The interior surface of the ring 15 is, as before stated, conical and is provided with projecting portions 18, one for each of the jaws 5, and constituting cams tor a purpose to be described.

The ring 15 contains one or more perforations 19, adapted to be set in alinement with the openings 13 of the collar 11, and the body 1 has a series of sockets 20, the same in number as the perforations 13 and 19, and adapted to be set in alinement with these perforations, and the sockets 20 are for use with a key 21, having the central terminal stem 22, adapted to project into a recess in the socket 20, and the lateral projection 23, adapted to rest in the socket 24 in the ring 15 and extend laterally from the perforation 19 therein. The body 1 has an axial hollow or socket 25.

The operation of the device is as follows: The drill or piece of material to be held is set in the socket 25 and then the sleeve 7 is revolved, thereby projecting the jaws 5 until they meet and clamping the said drill or piece of material. In this position the said jaws lie in the spaces in the ring between the cams 18. When the drill has been clamped as tightly as may be convenient by means of the rotation of the sleeve 7, the key 21 is inserted through the perforations l3 and 19 until its end 22 rests in the socket in the body 1 and the projection 23 rests in the socket 24 in the ring 5. Then upon turning the key the cams 18 are brought against the outer surfaces of the jaws 9 and clamp the said jaws still more tightly upon the drill or piece of material to be held. 'lhebacks of the jaws 5 at points where the cams engage them may be preferably made slightly eccentric to the axis of the chuck, so as to slide on the cams the more easily. The cams 18 project only very slightly, probably not more than about two or three thousandths of an inch, from the interior of the ring 15. When the jaws 5 are projected by turning the ring 7 against the stem of the drill or against any other piece of work, they are clamped quite tightly against the work, so that they are doubtless sprung out from the line of the axis of the chuck one or more thousandths of an inch, and when the ring 15 is turned the cams 18 will cause an inward movement toward the center of the axis of the chuck, which will be ample for the supplementary clamping and unclamping produced by these cams.

The modified form of this chuck (shown in Figs. 8 to 12) has a conicalbody 26 with aproj ecting flange 27 at its base and with the axial socket 28 at its front end. On the interior of the conical body 26 are the series of grooves 29 for the jaws 5. Each of these jaws is provided with the threads 6 and also with the clamping-face 9, parallel to the axis of the chuck. Outside the body 26 and fitting over the flange 27 is an operating-ring 30, having an interiorly-threaded surface to engage the threads 6 of each of the jaws 5. The said ring has an internal shoulder 31 fitting upon one side of said flange, and at the rear end a ring 32 is fastened in the operatingring 30 and against the other face of said flange, so that the flange 27 lies between the face 31 and the ring 32. The ring 32 may be screwed into the operating-ring 30 or otherwise held therein. Upon turning the ring 30 it cannot move either forward or backward upon the body 26 and must therefore actuate the jaws 5 longitudinally in their grooves. At the smaller end of the body and fitting over it and the jaws 5 is a cam-ring 33, having the series of cams 34 for acting upon the backs of the aws 5, as described with reference to the other form of the chuck. Between each pair of cams 34 is a recess 35, which when opposite the back of the jaw 5 relieves that aw from the cam action. In the body 26 are a series of sockets 36, and opposite each of said sockets in the form shown is a perforation 37 in the cam-ring 33. One edge of said perforation is in the present form of the device provided with a series of gear-teeth 38. A key 39 is provided for turning the cam-ring having an end 40, adapted to fit in the sockets 36, and a series of gear-teeth 41, adapted to engage the teeth 38 above described: The said cam-ring 33 has a flange 42 at its rear end, and outside of the ring 33 and fitting inwardly over the flange 42 is a flange-nut 43, thatis fastened in the operating-ring 30 by screw-threads or other suitable means. If desired, the flange 42 on the cam-ring 30 may constitute one member of a ball-race, and the locking-ring 43 may constitute the other member of said ball-race, whereby a series of balls 44 may be employed to reduce the resistance of turning the cam-ring 33. The cam-ring can act on the jaws in any position of extension. This chuck therefore has a double clamping action by which the jaws are set against the drill or other object to be grasped and which in some cases may be sufficient for holding it properly, and, second, a final very powerful clamping action of small movement, whereby a smooth cylindrical hard metallic piece, such as a round hardened drill, may be clamped with great ease, force, and certainty. The drill may be released from the chuck with ease and rapidity.

This drill-chuck is particularly adapted for use in connection with high-speed drills and round-shank fast-cutting twist-drills.

What I claim is In a drill-chuck, a body having a series of converging grooves, a series of jaws having screw-threads, a screw-threaded part having threads fo engaging the threads of said jaws whereby the jaws may be moved longitudinally in said grooves, and a rotatable caniring held on said body and having internal cams for engaging the backs of said jaws.

2. In a drill-chuck, a conical body having a se ies of external converging grooves, a series of jaws in said grooves having screw threads on the outer side thereof, a screwthreaded ring fitting outside said body and having internal threads for engaging the threads of said jaws whereby the jaws may be moved longitudinally in said grooves, and a rotatable cam-ring held on the smaller end of said body and having internal cams for engaging the backs of said jaws.

3. In a drill-chuck, a conical body having a series of external converging grooves and a series of sockets therein, a series of jaws in said grooves having screw-threads on the outer side thereof, a screw-threaded ring fitting outside said body and having internal threads for engaging the threads of said jaws whereby the jaws may be moved longitudinally in said grooves, a rotatable camring held on the smaller end of said body and having internal cams for engaging the backs of said jaws and having one or more perforations through said cam-ring, whereby a key is adapted to rest in the said sockets and to engage the said cam-ring for moving the latter.

4. In a drill-chuck, a body having a series of conically-converging grooves, a series of jaws longitudinally movable in said grooves, means for moving said jaws longitudinally in said grooves, and a rotatable cam-ring held on the end of said body and having internal cams for engaging the backs of said jaws.

5. In a drill-chuck, a conical body having a series of external converging grooves, a series of jaws in said grooves having screw threads on the outer side thereof, a screwthreaded ring fitting outside said body and j having internal threads for engaging the K series of sockets therein, a series of jaws in said grooves having screw-threads on the outer side thereof, a screw-threaded ring fitting outside said body and having internal threads for engaging the threads of said jaws whereby the jaws may be moved longitudinally in said grooves, a rotatable cam-ring held on the smaller end of said body and having internal cams for engaging the backs of said jaws and a flange and having also one or more sockets, a collar overlapping said flange and held on said body whereby a key may be inserted into a socket in the body and. may engage a socket in said cam-ring for rotating the ring.

7. In a drill-chuck, a body having a series of conv erging groov es, a series of jaws having screw-threads, a screw-threaded part having threads for engaging the threads in said jaws whereby the jaws may be moved longitudinaily in said grooves, and supplementary means carried by said chuck for engaging the backs of said jaws and forci g; them toward the axis of the chuck.

LEWIS T. GAUSS.

. Witnesses:

D. GURNEE. L. TnoN. 

